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Propagation of Ornamental Plants
21(2): 52-57, 2021

ANATOMICAL STUDY OF ADVENTITIOUS ROOT DEVELOPMENT IN MASTIC TREE (PISTACIA LENTISCUS L. VAR. CHIA DUHAM.) CUTTINGS

Murat İsfendiyaroğlu

Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey, Fax: + 90 232 3881865, E-mail: murat.isfendiyaroglu@ege.edu.tr



Mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia Duham.) is the unique species valued for gum mastic through the centuries. The tree has been propagated by hardwood cuttings traditionally, but this method is quite difficult because the cuttings are very recalcitrant to root. Rooting of leafy semi-hardwood cuttings seems to be the most proper method to increase the nursery tree productivity. In mastic tree, similar to many other plant species, rooting ability of cuttings was correlated with their own micro-anatomical structure. Our anatomical observations showed that cortex in one-year-old cuttings was separated from phloem tissue by a continuous sclerenchymatic ring. On the 7th day of rooting, cambial activity markedly increased at the proximal end of cuttings. The occurrence of remarkable cellular changes at the rooting zone of cuttings coincided with the 15th day of rooting. A new callus tissue, mostly originated from ray parenchyma cells, developed at the cambial zone of cuttings. Development of callus tissue was more pronounced on the 22nd day. At this time, unorganised xylem elements differentiated in callus tissue, and further accumulated as new trachery nests. The developing callus tissue protruded from cutting base by pushing the sclerenchyma and cortex tissues on the 30th day. Callus xylem or induced tracheids developed into the callus tissue, forming a continuous, narrow strand, where the new root primordium occurred at the endpoint of this structure concurrently. On the 45th day of rooting, new adventitious roots appeared to elongate and about to move out from the callus tissue. Our observations revealed that due to the quite different anatomical structure, mastic tree cuttings showed indirect rhizogenesis and root primordia originated from basal callus tissue.

Key words: callus, gum mastic, leafy cutting, rooting, root primordia



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