Propagation of Ornamental Plants
20(1): 28-38, 2020
PLANT REGENERATION FROM CELL SUSPENSION-DERIVED PROTOPLASTS OF THREE DATE PALM CULTIVARS
Djamila Yatta-El Djouzi1,2*, Jameel M. Al-Khayri3, and Nadia Bouguedoura1
1 Laboratory for Arid Zones, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP32, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria, 2 I.N.R.A. Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Division CRP Mehdi Boualem, BP 37 Baraki street, 16210 Algiers, Algeria, 3 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University P. O. Box 420, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia *Fax: + 213-23-82-85-63, *E-mail: eldjouzidjamila@yahoo.fr
Date palm is one of the oldest fruit crops grown for the commercial production of dates and is widely grown as an ornamental plant due to its foliage and attractive growth habit. The study reports a protocol for protoplast isolation from embryogenic cell suspensions, callus induction, somatic embryogenesis, and shoots formation from protoplasts of Taquerbucht, Teggaza, and Deglet Nour cultivars. In the cultivars researched, the protoplast yield ranged from 4.99 × 106 to 5.87 × 106 protoplasts g-1 in response to the enzymatic solution, which consisted of 2% Cellulase Onozuka RS and 6% hemicellulase combination after 24 h incubation without agitation. However, protoplast yield was further enhanced when this enzymatic solution was used with 45 min stirring and 10 h incubation (5.03 × 106 protoplasts g-1 in ‘Deglet Nour’, 5.8 × 106 protoplasts g-1 in ‘Taquerbucht’, and 6 × 106 protoplasts g-1 in ‘Teggaza’. Cultured protoplasts showed first cell division within 10 days forming microcalluses, which consecutively developed into white embryogenic callus, induced proembryos within 2-3 months, somatic embryos within 4-6 months, and then, produced plantlets (2-4 cm) within 8 to 12 months.
Key words: callus, cell suspensions, Date palm cultivars, protoplasts, somatic embryogenesis
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