Callus formation from leaf or flower bud explants and somatic embryo production from induced calli were examined in various Muscari genotypes including M. armeniacum, M. azureum, M. botryoides, M. comosum, M. latifolium, M. macrocarpum, M. moschatum, M. neglectum, M. paradoxum, and M. tubergenianum. On a medium containing 54 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (Suzuki and Nakano 2001), leaf-derived calli were obtained in 16 out of 19 genotypes and flower bud-derived calli were obtained in all 16 genotypes examined. Generally, callus formation frequency of flower bud explants was higher than that of leaf explants. Induced calli were subcultured monthly onto new medium of the same composition, on which leaf-derived calli of 5 genotypes of M. armeniacum, M. neglectum and M. tubergenianum, and flower bud-derived calli of 5 genotypes of M. armeniacum, M. tubergenianum and Muscari 'White Beauty' showed vigorous growth. Following transfer to a plant growth regulator-free medium, calli produced somatic embryos. Somatic embryo production was obtained from leaf-derived calli of 4 genotypes of M. armeniacum and M. neglectum, and flower bud-derived calli of 4 genotypes of M. armeniacum and M. tubergenianum. For most M. armeniacum genotypes, the frequency of somatic embryo production and the number of somatic embryos per callus were greater in flower bud-derived calli than leaf-derived ones.